It is an advanced concept of computer science that studies how human think, and then attempts to apply that knowledge in hardware and software to give computers similar capabilities. Areas of research include speech and pattern recognition, the ability to perform language translations, natural language processing, the ability to learn from previous experience, and the information. Practical applications for AI range from medical diagnostics to computer configuration and the interpretation of oil well logging data. In Artificial Intelligence, problem solving and decision making system that uses a computer representation derived from the knowledge and experience of a human expert is called expert system. An expert system consists of two parts: the domain or database of factual knowledge about the subject, and a set of rules that provide a method of using that knowledge. Expert systems are usually confined to a very narrow area of expertise. This is also known as rule-based system.
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